Aftab Hussain Gillani and Mohammad Tahir, “The Administration of Abbasids Caliphate: A Fateful Change in the Muslim History”, JESPK, vol. 8, no. 2, pp. 565–571, Jun. 2014, Accessed: Aug. 12, 2026. [Online]. Available: https://jes.ac.pk/index.php/jes/article/view/487